Public-private partnerships for military infrastructure: The European Investment Bank’s recommendations for Poland
The opportunities for using public-private partnerships in the Polish defence sector are attracting greater and greater attention. This is particularly evident in the context of the current challenges in implementing the Pact for the Security of Poland—Central Pomerania and the recommendations from the European Investment Bank for execution of key infrastructure projects. The Pact for the Security of Poland report was announced on 5 September 2025 in the Pomeranian city of Ustka. This strategic document calls for implementation of key infrastructure projects, including upgrading of seaports, expansion of transhipment terminals, and adapting road and rail networks for military transport.
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The defence sector in Poland and Europe as a whole is growing at a pace not seen for decades. Increased state budget expenditures, new financial instruments (EDF, SAFE, ReArm Europe, Poland’s Security and Defence Fund), and the openness of state-run entities to cooperation with private industry are creating genuine business opportunities for Polish and foreign firms. More and more businesses, including those in the civilian economy, are considering taking part in projects for the Polish Armed Forces or submitting bids in tenders for strategic supplies, services and infrastructure.
The European defence industry urgently needs investment
For years, the European defence industry has been oriented towards peacetime production, resulting in low capacity. The war in Ukraine quickly exposed this, as well as the severe underinvestment which the EU’s defence sector has suffered from for years. Optimistically, the growing demand for defence equipment has also quickly raised the awareness that production capacity needs to be increased. But now this conviction must translate into action, first of all in the form of increased financial support.
